Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Statistics
Biophysic property/energy cost M. pneumoniae E. coli B.subtilis L.lactis
cell volume (cytoplasm) in L 6.7 x 10-17 6.7 x 10-16 (CCBD)
number of genes 733 4,467 (NCBI) 4,225 (NCBI) 2,425 (NCBI)
number of ORFs 689 4,132 (NCBI) 4,105 (NCBI) 2,321 (NCBI)
protein weight in fg 10* 165 (CCBD)
total number of proteins ~130,000** 3,600,000 (CCBD)
number of ribosomes ~300 6,800 - 72,000 (Bionumbers)
total number of mRNA molecules ~230[Weiner 2003] 4,000 (CCBD)
total number of rRNA molecules (~3/ribosome) 900 18,000 (CCBD)
total number of tRNAs (estimated from E.coli) 3,300 200,000 (CCBD)
total number of DNA bases 1,632,788 9,279,350 (NCBI) 8,429,260 (NCBI) 4,731,178 (NCBI)
average length of mRNA molecules in nts 1,000
estimated oxygen solubility in mM 0.2[Duetz 2000]
average translation rate in aas/s.ribosome 15 40 (CCBD);15-21(Bionumbers)
estimated protein half-life in h (based on E. coli) 20 20
estimated mRNA half-life in min 6.7 (a) 6.8 (Selinger et al, 2003) 5$ (Hambraeus 2003) 5.8 (Rendon 2005)
1 glucose yields ATPs 2-4 (b) 36-38 (CCBD) 36-38 2-3 (Solem 2007)
energy cost to elongate RNA by 1nt in ATPs 2.4-5.4# 2.4 (Nielsen, 1997)
energy cost to elongate DNA by 1base in ATPs 6.4## 3.4
energy cost for making all proteins in ATPs 1.87 x 109 (c) -2.39 x109 (d)
energy cost for making mRNA in ATPs 1.24 x 107 (c) -2.86 x 107 (d)
energy cost for making rRNA in ATPs 8.94 x 106
energy cost for making tRNA in ATPs 1.43 x 106
energy cost for making DNA in ATPs 1,04 x 107 7.23 x 107 (CCBD)
glucose uptake rate in molecules/s 18,900-44,700 (e) 3.3 x 105 (Edwards et al, 2000)
1.5-3 x 107 (Natarajan et al, 2000)
energy cost for doubling biomass in ATPs/s 73,140 (c,f,g)
95,570 (d,f,g)
glucose needed in molecules/s 18,290-36,570 (e,c,f,g)
23,890-47,780(e,d,f,g)
glucose molecules to make 1 cell 4.74-9.48 x 108 (e,c,f,g)
6.19-12.4 x 108 (e,d,f,g)
1.40 x 109 (Bionumbers)
 
Metabolites M. pneumoniae E. coli B.subtilis L.lactis
average Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in mM 0.34 (SD=7.2%) 2.95 (Lowry et al 1971) 50 (Papagianni 2007)
average Glycerol-3-phosphate in mM 0.19 (SD=16.2%) 0.195 (bionumbers) 36.6 (starvation; Neves 2002)
average Phosphoenolpyruvate in mM 0.11 (SD=0.9%) 2.73 (Lowry et al 1971)
0.091-0.3 (Bionumbers)
<0.02 (Fry 2000) 11 (Papagianni 2007)
average Glucose-6-phosphate in mM 0.09 (SD=7.1%) 0.04956 (Lowry et al 1971)
0.801 (Bionumbers)
<0.1 (Fry 2000) 20 (Papagianni 2007)
average Fructose-6-phosphate in mM 0.08 (SD=1.0%) 23 (Papagianni 2007)
average Ribose-5-phosphate in mM 0.03 (SD=8.2%)
average Dihydroxy-acetone-phosphate in mM 0.10 (SD=50%) 0.203 (bionumbers)
average ATP concentration in mM 4.1[Krebes 1995] 2.6 (bionumbers), 1.3-7.0 (CCBD) 6 (Papagianni 2007)
 
(a) Estimated from 32P labeling of RNA and from recovery of RNA levels after heat shock
(b) acetic fermentation generates 4 ATPs, while lactic fermentation generates 2
(c) assuming no degradation
(d) assuming degradation of proteins and mRNA
(e) depending on the growth phase
(f) assuming that the energy cost for protein, RNA and DNA synthesis is 90% of the total energy cost
(g) assuming 8 h cell division time
(*) Cell Biomass was estimated by measuring protein and DNA concentration along the growth and taking into consideration the size of M. pneumoniae chromosome.
(**) The total number of protein molecules was estimated from the cell protein biomass (10 fg), by considering an average molecular weight for an amino acid of ~135 dalton, and an average protein length of 345 amino acids.
(#) RNA synthesis from monophosphate nucleotides requires 2.4 ATPs/nt, while de novo synthesis 3 more ATP.
(##) DNA synthesis from monophosphate deoxynucleotides requires 3.4 ATPs/b, while de novo synthesis 3 more ATP. Nt: nucleotide, aa: amino acid. SD is the standard deviation of the experimental measurements expressed as percentage of the average value.
 
Comparison between Mycoplasma pneumoniae and some other bacteria

Species Taxonomy Genome size (Mb) ORFs %G+C rRNA operons >ribosomes per cell Doubling time (hours) Dimensions (microns) Cell volume (microns³) Life style Culture density (cells/ml)
Escherichia coli Proteobacteria / Gamma proteobacteria 4.6 4489 50.8 7 7000-50000 0.33 0.8 * 1-3 1.0048 Mutualist / pathogen 10^8
Salmonella typhimurium Proteobacteria / Gamma proteobacteria 4.85 4423 52 7 ? 1.3 1 * 2-3 1.9625 Free living/ pathogen 10^9
Haemophilus influenzae Proteobacteria / Gamma proteobacteria 1.91 1792 38 6 50000 0.5 0.43 0.04160866 Pathogen 10^10
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteobacteria / Gamma proteobacteria 6.6 5925 66 4 ? 1.5 0.5-1.0 * 1-5 1.10390625 Pathogen 10^8
Yersinia pestis Proteobacteria / Gamma proteobacteria 4.65 4198 47.64 6 ? 2 0.7 * 2 0.7693 Pathogen 10^8
Burkholderia pseudomallei Proteobacteria / Beta Proteobacteria 7.24 6347 68 4 ? 1.5-2.3 0.4-0.8 * 2-5 0.9891 Free living/ pathogen 10^8
Caulobacter crescentus Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria 4.01 3737 67 2 ? 1.15 0.7 * 2-3 0.576975 Free living 10^8
Pelagibacter ubique Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria 1.3 1354 29 1 ? 1.6 0.2 * 0.4 0.01256 Free living 10^6
Rickettsia prowazekii Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria 1.11 834 29 1 1500 10 0.3-0.5 * 0.8-2 0.17584 Pathogen 10^7
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria 4.4 3924 65 1 4000 24 0.4 * 1-2 0.1884 Pathogen 10^8?
Mycobacterium leprae Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria 3.26 1605 (2720) 57.8 1 5000 336 0.4 * 1-2 0.1884 Pathogen 14*10^7?
Borrelia recurrentis Spirochaetes / Spriochaetes 1.24 990 27.5 3 20000? 12 0.8 * 1.8 0.90432 Pathogen ?
Staphylococcus aureus Firmicutes / Cocci 2.8 2900 32.8 5 83000 0.5 1 0.52333333 Pathogen 10^9
Bacillus subtilis Firmicutes / Bacilli 4.2 4100 43 10 6000 0.4 0.7-0.8 * 2-3 1.10390625 Free living 10^8
Lactococcus lactis Firmicutes / Bacilli 2.36 2300 35 6 ? 0.4-0.8 0.5-1 0.22078125 Free living 10^8
Clostridium botulinum Firmicutes / Clostridia 3.86 3548 28 8 ? 5 0.5-0.8 * 3-8 0.6908 Pathogen 10^8
Mycoplasma penetrans Firmicutes / Mollicutes 1.36 1038 25 1 ? ? 0.3 * 1.4 0.09891 Pathogen 10^8?
Mycoplasma gallisepticum Firmicutes / Mollicutes 0.99 726 31.45 1 ? 2-3 0.5 * 0.7 0.137375 Pathogen 3 * 10^8
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Firmicutes / Mollicutes 0.81 686 40 1 300 8 0.4 * 0.6 0.07536 Pathogen 10^9
Mycoplasma genitalium Firmicutes / Mollicutes 0.58 479 31.7 1 ? 12 0.3 * 0.5 0.035325 Pathogen >10^7
Thermus aquaticus Euryarchaeota / Thermococci 2.08 2306 51 1 ? 1 0.5-0.8 * 5-10 2.393622 Free living 10^9
Thermococcus kodakaraensis Euryarchaeota / Thermococci 2.08 2358 52 1 ? 0.9 1-2 1.76625 Free living 10^8
 
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